Bureau odszkodowan wojennych, Statement on war losses and damages of Poland in 19391945. The US Seventh Army and the French First Army, making up the US 6th Army Group, rapidly consolidated this beachhead and liberated Southern France in two weeks; they then moved north up the Rhone valley. Italian losses amounted to 1,250 killed or missing, 4,780 wounded, and no information is provided on any who were captured. Civilian losses included 160,000 Jewish Holocaust dead, As Ruanda [Rwanda] was not occupied nor its food supply cut off, these deaths are not usually included with World War II casualties. Although the great powers of Europe had declared war on one another, neither side had yet committed to launching a significant attack, and there was relatively little fighting on the ground. Total Bulgarian military war dead were 18,500 including 6,671 battle deaths. World War I Killed, wounded, and missing The casualties suffered by the participants in World War I dwarfed those of previous wars: some 8,500,000 soldiers died as a result of wounds and/or disease. Soviet sources list the deaths of 403 of the 2,377 Finnish. Hungarian Jewish losses of 569,000 presented here include the territories annexed in 193941. [384] By The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Entrenchments, machine gun emplacements, barbed wire and artillery repeatedly inflicted severe casualties during attacks and counter-attacks and no significant advances were made. Deported from annexed territories 194041 380,000 to 390,000 persons, including: Poland 309312,000; Lithuania 17,500; Latvia 17,000; Estonia 6,000; Moldova 22,842. Some parishes continued burying in the Second World War military cemeteries up to the 1980s. The following notes summarize German casualties, the details are presented in German casualties in World War II. This was also the period in which the United Kingdom and France did not supply significant aid to Poland, despite their pledged alliance. Korea: 19,600, 6,900, (26,500) In 2018, the United States Holocaust museum has the number of murdered during the time period of the holocaust at 17million 6million Jews and 11million others. The deception plans, Operation Fortitude and Operation Bodyguard, had the Germans convinced that the invasion would occur in the Pas-de-Calais, while the real target was Normandy. These were built in anticipation of an Allied invasion of France. The Australian government does not regard. Mai 1974. pedagog. Some I've been cooking for years, decades even, others I have cooked just . When scholarly sources differ on the number of deaths in a country, a range of war losses is given, in order to inform readers that the death toll is disputed. The Greek government is planning to claim reparations from Germany for war damages. [599] The Jasenovac Memorial Site quotes a similar figure of between 80,000 and 100,000 victims. The Western Front of the European Theatre of World War II encompassed Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, and Western Germany. In this uncertain situation, estimates of casualties have generally ranged between 100,000 and 180,000 for Hiroshima, and between 50,000 and 100,000 for Nagasaki. 1937-1940 - Red Army purges . Some 40,000 Roma were murdered. Andreev, E.M.; Darski, L.E. However, in the meantime, the Allies took the war to Germany, with a strategic bombing campaign the US Eighth Air Force bombing Germany by day and RAF Bomber Command bombing by night. Martin Gilbert estimates 5.7million (78%) of the 7.3million Jews in German-occupied Europe were Holocaust victims. 15", "Figures were compiled by the Relief Bureau of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in March 1964", American Historical Association: Lessons from Iwo Jima footnote 1, "Reports of General MacArthur. Manchuria & USSR 7,483 killed and 4,641 wounded. Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, p. 78. [nb 13]. The Ninth and First American armies then turned east and pushed to the Elbe river by mid-April. Holocaust Encyclopedia "Jehovah's Witnesses", United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's Holocaust Encyclopedia: "Freemasonry Under the Nazi Regime", "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. e The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe ( Baltics ), and Southeast Europe ( Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. During September and October, the Allied 6th Army Group (U.S. Summary report (1947) Estimated that 252,769 Japanese were killed and 298,650 injured in the air war. Second phase: July-September 1916 A Russian historian in a handbook of human losses in the 20th century has provided the following assessment of Bulgarian casualties:Military deaths: 2,000 military Axis occupation forces in Yugoslavia and Greece; 10,124 dead, Military casualties with the pro-Japanese, Library and Archives Canada puts military losses at 44,090 (24,525 Army, 17,397 Air Force, 2,168 Navy. World War 2's Eastern Front From Stalingrad To Berlin In 48 Photos How The Eastern Front Decided World War II Published August 11, 2019 Updated August 20, 2019 The Nazis suffered 80 percent of their casualties on World War II's Eastern Front, the deadliest theater in the history of war. [9] The People's Republic of China puts its war dead at 20 million,[10] while the Japanese government puts its casualties due to the war at 3.1 million.[11]. The U.S. Bureau of the Census noted that the official Yugoslav government figure of 1.7million war dead was overstated because it "was released soon after the war and was estimated without the benefit of a postwar census". Military war dead reported by Rdiger Overmans of 261,000 are included with Germany. Mark Axworthy. The Phoney War was an early phase of World War II marked by a few military operations in Continental Europe in the months following the German invasion of Poland and preceding the Battle of France. The Western Front was marked by two phases of large-scale combat operations. The estimated breakdown for each Soviet republic of total war dead[10]^AY4. The non-belligerent United States contributed to the Western Allies by discounted sales of military equipment and supplies. [256] In 2005 Tadeusz Piotrowski estimated the death toll in Soviet hands at 350,000. Archivalien und ausgewhlte Erlebnisberichte.. Bonn: Kulturstiftung der deutschen Vertriebenen. "Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Netherlands" (PDF). German casualties based on statistics collected during the war included 27,074 KIA, 18,384 MIA and 111,034 WIA. E. Bruce Reynolds, "Aftermath of Alliance: The Wartime Legacy in Thai-Japanese Relations". Russian demographer Boris Urlanis estimated Czechoslovak war dead of 340,000 persons, 46,000 military and 294,000 civilians. They reported, "The total number who were killed by the Japanese, or who died from, hunger, disease and lack of medical attention is estimated at 3,000,000 for Java alone, 1,000,000 for the Outer Islands. In response, Britain and France declared war on Germany on 3 September. The attack started on 16 December in what became known as the Battle of the Bulge. 1- The summary report of September 30, 1945 put total casualties for the entire period of the war at 305,000 killed and 780,000 wounded. Murray, Williamson and Millett, Alan R. (2000). Most of these losses occurred during the Nazi organized flight and evacuation during the war, and the forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union; they point out that there are 80,522 confirmed deaths in the postwar internment camps. By the summer of 1944, when an expectation of an Allied invasion was freely admitted by German commanders, the disposition of troops facing it came under the command of OB West (HQ in Paris). Estimated civilian deaths range from about 14 to 17 million. Toward Peace: War Responsibility, Postwar Compensation, and Peace Movements and Education in Japan. "For Austria the consequences of the Nazi regime and the Second World War were disastrous: During this period 2,700 Austrians had been executed and more than 16,000 citizens murdered in the concentration camps. The names of U.S. Archivalien und ausgewhlte Erlebnisberichte. (1993). During World War II, the German military helped fulfill Nazism's racial, political, and territorial ambitions. In November, however, the German front snapped under the pressure, resulting in sudden Allied advances that liberated Belfort, Mulhouse, and Strasbourg, and placed Allied forces along the Rhine River. The additions were the annexation of the, Estimates in the west for the population transfers differ. The Nazis exterminated one to two million Soviet Jews (including the annexed territories) as part of the Holocaust. There were more than 60 million World War 2 casualties resulting in death which at the time was more than 2.5% of the overall world population. iUniverse, Inc. (July 13, 2005). [602] Jewish victims in Yugoslavia totaled 67,122. [476], 5-Strategic Bombing Survey The Effects of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki The most striking result of the atomic bombs was the great number of casualties. Civilian losses due to attacks on merchant shipping were 470 merchant mariners and 502 passengers. The figures for the pre-war Jewish population and deaths in the table below are from The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust. Borneo: 11,300, 6,700, (18,000) Liudskie poteri SSSR v period vtoroi mirovoi voiny: sbornik statei. Unlike other parts of South East Asia, Thailand did not suffer from famine during the war. 19401991 Tallinn 2005. The raids for which the British awarded the "North-West Europe Campaign of 1942" battle honour were: Operation Biting Bruneval (2728 February 1942), St Nazaire (2728 March 1942), Operation Myrmidon Bayonne (5 April 1942), Operation Abercrombie Hardelot (2122 April 1942), Dieppe (19 August 1942) and Operation Frankton Gironde (712 December 1942).[30][31]. Deaths in battle were 292,131. : -Human Losses of the USSR in the Period of WWII: Collection of Articles. Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961 pp. [415][416][417][418][419][420][421][422], Military war dead Equipment losses were 753 tanks and 1,284 aircraft. Who killed the most people in ww2? A raid on Sark on the night of 3/4 October 1942 is notable because a few days after the incursion the Germans issued a propaganda communiqu implying at least one prisoner had escaped and two were shot while resisting having their hands tied. A large number of partisans and members of the RSI forces were former members of the armed forces of the Kingdom of Italy, to which is referred the 3,430,000 figure. These figures include 593,000 Germany in 1937 borders. universitet (Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University). Recent historical scholarship has shed new light on the topic of Second World War casualties. In January 1945 the German bridgehead over the river Roer between Heinsberg and Roermond was cleared during Operation Blackcock. Solomon Islands: 63,200, 25,000, (88,200) [42] This later caused some friction with the Yugoslav forces, notably around Trieste. Seventh and Third Armies) into southeastern Germany and Austria. [179] Estimates of Holocaust deaths range between 4.9 and 5.9million Jews.[180]. 4-The figures for Army wounded add up to 4,219,211. 2,055,575 German soldiers surrendered between D-Day and 16 April 1945, The Times, 19 April p 4; 755,573 German soldiers surrendered between 1 and 16 April, The Times, 18 April p 4, which means that 1,300,002 German soldiers surrendered to the Western Allies between D-Day and the end of March 1945. The British used the Egyptian army to guard lines of communication and to clear minefields. Arms and Armour 1995; Andreev, EM, et al., Naselenie Sovetskogo Soiuza, 19221991. The Hahn's maintain that the 473,013 confirmed deaths is a correct accounting of the losses. Formosa (Taiwan): 28,500, 10,600, (39,100) On that same day Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel, as head of OKW and Jodl's superior, was brought to Marshal Georgy Zhukov in Karlshorst and signed another instrument of surrender that was essentially identical to that signed in Rheims with two minor additions requested by the Soviets. Census Bureau cited the following source for the population at 1/1/1939 for Czechoslovakia, State Statistical Office, Statistical Bulletin of Czechoslovakia, v. II (1947) no. The statistics tabulated by the CWGC are representative of the number of names commemorated for all servicemen/women of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth and former UKDependencies, whose death was attributable to their war service. 10 824 236/1567 = ~6908/day or 8 573 054/1567 = ~5471/day WW2 total miltary deaths: between 21 000 000 and 25 500 000. Andreev EM; Darsky LE; Kharkova TL, Population dynamics: consequences of regular and irregular changes. The majority of the British and elements of the French forces escaped at Dunkirk. Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery, commanding the Anglo-Canadian 21st Army Group, persuaded the Allied High Command to launch a bold attack, Operation Market Garden, which he hoped would get the Allies across the Rhine and create the narrow-front he favoured. [94] The RAF lost 931 aircraft. [242][243], The total war dead in the USSR includes about 1million[244] victims of Stalin's regime. [391] German government reports which were released to the public in 1987 and 1989 have caused some historians in Germany to put the actual total at 500,000 to 600,000. The following notes summarize Soviet casualties, the details are presented in World War II casualties of the Soviet Union. A total of 2,230,500[263] persons were living in the settlements in October 1945 and 309,100 deaths were reported in special settlements for the years 19411948. "[384], Civilians killed in 1945 military campaign, Deaths due to Nazi political, racial and religious persecution, Expulsion and flight of ethnic Germans During World War II, the Western Front was the theater of fighting west of Germany, encompassing the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Denmark. Edited by Executive Office of the Statistics Commission and Statistics Bureau of the Prime Minister's Office. In Operation Eclipse, the 17th Airborne Division, 82d Airborne Division, 101st Airborne Division, and a British brigade were to seize the Tempelhof, Rangsdorf, Gatow, Staaken, and Oranienburg airfields. Holocaust Encyclopedia "Mosaic of Victims: Overview", "Florida Center for Instructional Technology, College of Education, University of South Florida, A Teachers Guide to the Holocaust", "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's Holocaust Encyclopedia: "Genocide of European Roma, 19391945", "Romanies and the Holocaust: A Reevaluation and an Overview", Jewish Responses to the Porajmos The Romani Holocaust, "Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution", "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 2-These statistics include casualties of the volunteer forces from the Soviet Union. An estimated 40,000,000 to 50,000,000 people died during World War II. Included in the figures of total war dead for each nation are victims of the Holocaust. Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt requested permission to withdraw east behind the Rhine, arguing that further resistance would only delay the inevitable, but was ordered by Hitler to fight where his forces stood. On 1 September 1939, World War II began with the German invasion of Poland. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. The number of partisans escalated during the final insurrection of April 1945. [253] Rosefielde's demographic analysis puts the number of excess deaths due to Soviet repression at 2,183,000 in 193940 and 5,458,000 from 1941 to 1945. Detailed by country: Rummel estimates POW deaths in Japanese custody at 539,000. Gruhl estimates POW deaths in Japanese captivity at 331,584. With an introd. 5-Figures of missing include POWs held by Allies. Toward Peace: War Responsibility, Postwar Compensation, and Peace Movements and Education in Japan. For the 19411944 Soviet military formation, see, Battles for Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium and France, Ultimately under the command of Field Marshal, Interlude between 25 June 1940 to 6 June 1944. Included with total war dead are victims of Japanese war crimes. 39,929 Casualties For four brutal years, the Allies had been fighting the central powers, the Empires of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman, and the Kingdom of Bulgaria. 1939 Press Photo American Soldiers Honoring French WWII Casualties in Nantes . 7,614,790 were held in POW camps by early June of 1945 (including 3,404,950 who were disarmed following the surrender of Germany), All totals listed only include direct deaths due to military activity and crimes against humanity, including the, German deployments to the Western Front (plus Italy) reached levels as high as approximately 40% of their ground forces, and 75% of the. Tams Stark of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences has provided the following assessment of Hungarian losses. In October the Americans decided that they could not just invest Aachen and let it fall in a slow siege, because it threatened the flanks of the U.S. Ninth Army. . Their advance only slowed down as they encountered regrouped and entrenched German troops in the Vosges Mountains. New Guinea: 112,400, 15,200, (127,600) 14,072 dead while POWs), Wirtschaft und Statistik November 1949 pp. With an addition of this estimate of 194445 unrecorded deaths, the final estimation gave in round numbers a half a million German civilians killed by Allied aerial attacks. [Tokyo], 1949, p. 1058, Tables 60809, Annual Changes in Population of Japan Proper 1 October 19201 October 1947, General Headquarters for the Allied Powers Economic and Scientific Section Research and Programs Division. U.S. Army figures include the deaths of 5,337 from the Philippines and 165 from Puerto Rico (see p.118). C. Deliberate acts of reprisal against target populations were perpetrated by all combatants. 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